What does culture shock refer to?

Culture shock refers to the experience individuals undergo when they encounter cultural differences that are significantly distinct from their own. This experience can often result in feelings of confusion, frustration, and anxiety as one navigates through unfamiliar cultural norms, practices, and values. The struggle to adapt to these new cultural differences can manifest in various ways—such as difficulty in communication, challenges in understanding social cues, or feeling isolated in a new environment.

The correct option highlights this aspect of culture shock, emphasizing the challenges and adjustments that individuals must face when immersed in a culture that is not their own. This struggle can ultimately lead to growth and adaptation, but the initial reaction is typically characterized by discomfort and difficulty in understanding the new cultural context.